Computer+Basics

Hello everyone Your participation about __**CPU**__ in here, add your name between square brackets [.......] to indicate your work.
 * Happy to invite to a new class technology. ** **[Sona] **

** RAM & ROM RAM: Random Access Memory, provides space for your computer to read and write data to be... RAM: **
====** Random Access Memory, provides space for your computer to read and write data to be accessed by the CPU. Data stored in RAM stays there only as long as your computer is running. As soon as you turn the computer off, the data stored in RAM disappears. **====

Computer memory is the internal storage areas in the computer. It comes in the form of chips or ICs (Integrated Circuits), verses the computer storage which exists on tapes or disks. Moreover, the term memory is usually used as a shorthand for physical memory, which refers to the actual chips capable of holding data. Some computers also use virtual memory, which expands physical memory onto a hard disk. There are two basic types of memory: ROM and RAM. ROM - Read-only memory: On ROM, data is prerecorded for read only which can not be removed. ROM is nonvolatile and it retains its contents regardless the computer is on or off. Most personal computers contain a small amount of ROM that stores critical programs such as the program that boots the computer. In addition, ROMs are used in calculators and peripheral devices such as laser printers, whose fonts are often stored in ROMs. There are a few variations of ROM such as programmable read-only memory(PROM), which is manufactured as blank chips on which data can be written with a special device called a PROM programmer. RAM - Random access memory: whose contents can be accessed (read, write and remove) in any order. This is in contrast to sequential memory devices such as magnetic tapes, discs and drums, in which the mechanical movement of the storage medium forces the computer to access data in a fixed order. RAM is usually used for primary storage in computers to hold active information such as data and programs. Common forms of RAM are: SRAM (Static RAM) and DRAM (Dynamic RAM). RAM ICs are often assembled into plug-in modules. Some standard module types are: Single in-line memory module (SIMM) and Dual in-line memory module (DIMM). There are also some hybrad memory types which combines characters of both RAM and ROM, such as Flash memory, NVRAM and EEPROM**.[Omar Khammash]**

Here are some pictures to show what the RAM & ROM are:

RAM---Random Access Memory.

ROMRead Only Memory.

**[Alla' Abu-Sultaneh] **

 The Difference between RAM and RAM **[Omar Odeh**


 * ~ __**TYPE**__ ||~ __**MEMORY**__ ||~ __**DATA**__ ||
 * RAM || VOLATILE || ** DATA DISAPPEARS WHEN POWER SWITCHED OFF ** || SAVED ON EXTERNAL HARD DISK ||
 * ROM || NON- VOLATILE || ** DATA IS PERMANENT ** || SAVED ON CHIP ITSELF ||

CPU: The **Central Processing Unit** (**CPU**) or the **processor** is the portion of a computer system that carries out the instructions of a computer program, and is the primary element carrying out the computer's functions. This term has been in use in the computer industry at least since the early 1960s. The form, design and implementation of CPUs have changed dramatically since the earliest examples, but their fundamental operation remains much the same. Early CPUs were custom-designed as a part of a larger, sometimes one-of-a-kind, computer. However, this costly method of designing custom CPUs for a particular application has largely given way to the development of mass-produced processors that are made for one or many purposes. This standardization trend generally began in the era of discrete transistor mainframes and minicomputers and has rapidly accelerated with the popularization of the [|i]ntegrated circuit (IC). The IC has allowed increasingly complex CPUs to be designed and manufactured to tolerances on the order of nanometers. Both the miniaturization and standardization of CPUs have increased the presence of these digital devices in modern life far beyond the limited application of dedicated computing machines. Modern microprocessors appear in everything from automobiles to [|c]ell phones and children's toys.


 * [Alla' Abu-Sultaneh] **

Input Devices

A hardware device that sends information to the computer. Without any input devices a computer would simply be a display device and not allow users to interact with it, much like a TV.

[rakan momani]

The **Central Processing Unit** (**CPU**) or the **processor** is the portion of a computer system that carries out the instructions of a computer program, and is the primary element carrying out the computer's functions.
 * Here are some pictures**



**[HUSSEIN ALAA AL-MAHDAWI]**

Output devices: the phiysical parts of the computer that we can touch.

[Faysal kadow]

[Ma'en Kalha]